States have typically employed a federated model for cybersecurity, where each public sector organization is responsible for securing its own critical applications. This approach lacks a comprehensive statewide perspective on visibility and risk management, making it difficult for government leaders to identify and prioritize risks effectively. As cyber events increasingly threaten public sector organizations, there is a shift towards a whole-of-state model that enhances visibility and risk reduction across the state's infrastructure.

State and local governments are moving towards collective defenses, collaborating with both public and private sectors to strengthen their security resources. Programs like the State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program, which allocates $1 billion over four years, aim to support agencies in implementing cybersecurity best practices. Additionally, initiatives such as the Arizona Statewide Cyber Readiness Grant Program provide technical assistance and security software to help vulnerable communities reduce infrastructure risks.

Government technology procurement often struggles with outdated regulations that hinder agility. Quick procurement is essential for fostering innovation and ensuring timely implementation of protective resources. Delays can leave at-risk systems vulnerable for longer periods. The 2022 Total Economic Impact™ of AWS Marketplace study indicates that AWS Marketplace can save organizations 66 percent of the time typically spent on procurement, enabling faster access to necessary cybersecurity solutions.